Knee Replacement

musculoskeletal

Description

Total knee replacement (arthroplasty) replaces damaged knee joint surfaces with metal and plastic components. It is one of the most successful procedures in orthopedic surgery, with over 95% of patients experiencing significant pain relief and improved mobility. The procedure is recommended for patients with severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis who have not responded to conservative treatments. Modern techniques include robotic-assisted surgery (MAKO, NAVIO) that improves implant alignment and patient-specific instrumentation for customized fit. Implants typically last 20-25 years with proper care and rehabilitation.

What to Expect

Surgery takes 1-2 hours under general or spinal anesthesia. You will stay in the hospital for 2-4 days. Physical therapy begins within 24 hours of surgery. Most patients walk with assistance on the same day. A continuous passive motion machine may be used to maintain range of motion. Pain management includes nerve blocks, oral medications, and ice therapy. Your surgical team will monitor for blood clots, infection, and swelling during your stay.

Recovery Information

Weeks 1-2: Hospital stay and initial physical therapy with walker or crutches. Weeks 3-6: Progressive weight bearing and range of motion exercises, transition to a cane. Months 2-3: Return to daily activities including light household tasks. Months 3-6: Full recovery with continued strengthening. Most patients drive within 4-6 weeks and return to low-impact sports by 3-6 months. Lifelong precautions include avoiding high-impact activities.